Outcome of Treatment in Patients with Chronic Osteomyelitis in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital: A 10 Years Retrospective Analysis

Abstract

Background: Chronic osteomyelitis (COM) is a challenging condition to treat due to the myarid of predisposing factors. The aim of the study is to review the outcome of patients treated for COM at our hospital and the factors associated with the outcome.
Methodology: The study was carried out in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) which is a tertiary hospital in Kano Nigeria. The study was carried out in the orthopaedic unit of the hospital. It is a Retrospective study where records of patients managed for COM at the orthopedics unit of the institution, between January 2009 to December 2018 were reviewed. The information obtained from the records were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 16.
Results: About 88 patients with COM were seen, of these, 50 (56.8%) were males and 38(43.2%) were females. The mean age was 15.47 years. Standard deviation of +/_ 13.84. Symptoms were, discharging sinus, pain, deformity and fever. 42(47.7%) were age 1-10 years. Bones involved are, Tibia 43(48.9%), Radius/Ulna, 3(3.4%) and Iliac bones, 1(1.1%). Four (4.6%) patients had multifocal sites. The commonest route of infection was hematogenous (78.4%). Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 63(71.6%) patients. 65(73.9%) had Sequestrectomy. 22(25%) patients were lost to follow-up. 3 (3.4%) patients died. 32(36.4%) had complications.
Conclusion: Patients treated at AKTH had good outcome following multi-disciplinary approach, surgical debridement, use of antimicrobial therapy and Polymethylmethacrylate Antibiotic (PMMA) beads.