Severe Preeclampsia and Eclampsia: A 3-Year Review in Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital Kaduna, Northwest Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Preeclampsia and eclampsia are one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in sub-Sahara Africa. It is associated with increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of severe preeclampsia and Eclampsia in Barau Dikko Teaching Hospital, (BDTH) Kaduna. Methods: This is a retrospective study. The case notes of patients with severe preeclampsia and Eclampsia that were managed in this facility from 1st January, 2016 to 31st December, 2018 were retrieved and analyzed. The age, parity, booking status, gestational age at delivery and mode of delivery were extracted using a pro forma. The data was analyzed using SPSS, version 20. Results: There were 7,411 total number of deliveries with the period, out of which 133 (1.79%) had preeclampsia and 35(0.47%) had Eclampsia. Preeclampsia was highest within the age group of 30-39 (51.88%), while Eclampsia was highest within age group of 20-29 (57.14%). Primigravidae with preeclampsia were 57 (42.86%), and Eclampsia 18 (51.45%). The majority of patients with preeclampsia and Eclampsia were booked 118 (88.72%) and 27 (77.14%) respectively. The gestational ages at delivery for preeclampsia and Eclampsia were both 37 weeks and above 55(41.35%) and 13 (37.14) respectively. most of the patients were delivered by Caesarean section, preeclampsia 52(39.09%), Eclampsia 17 (48.57%). Conclusion: The prevalence of preeclampsia and eclampsia was low in the study. There is need to increase surveillance, continuous and proper data keeping.